深海扇(英语:abyssal fan),又称海底扇、如同陆上冲积扇外形,但它是由浊积流形成的沉积构造。深海扇的规模有很大差异,宽度从几公里到几千公里不等。最大的是孟加拉扇,其次是印度河扇,但主要扇也有在亚马逊刚果密西西比和其他地方的出口处发现[1][2][3]

浊积流一般形成在大陆架边缘,沿着大陆坡向下流动时系带大量沉积物。到了大陆坡底水流变慢。减少水流输送沉积物的能力,沉积其携带的颗粒,从而形成海底扇[3]

参考文献

编辑
  1. ^ Clift; Gaedicke; Edwards; Lee; Hildebrand; Amjad; White & Schlüter (2002). "The stratigraphic evolution of the Indus Fan and the history of sedimentation in the Arabian Sea". Marine Geophysical Researches. 23 (3): 223–245. doi:10.1023/A:1023627123093.
  2. ^ Covault, J.A. (2011). "Submarine Fans and Canyon-Channel Systems: A Review of Processes, Products, and Models". Nature Education Knowledge. 3 (10): 4.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Shanmugam, G. (2016). "Submarine fans: A critical retrospective (1950–2015)". Journal of Palaeogeography. 5 (2): 110–184. doi:10.1016/j.jop.2015.08.011