云斑厚纹蟹

方蟹科厚纹蟹属甲壳动物

云斑厚纹蟹学名Pachygrapsus marmoratus)是厚纹蟹属的一种螃蟹,分布于黑海、地中海和大西洋的部分地区。

云斑厚纹蟹
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
亚门: 甲壳亚门 Crustacea
纲: 软甲纲 Malacostraca
目: 十足目 Decapoda
亚目: 腹胚亚目 Pleocyemata
下目: 短尾下目 Brachyura
科: 方蟹科 Grapsidae
属: 厚纹蟹属 Pachygrapsus
种:
云斑厚纹蟹 P. marmoratus
二名法
Pachygrapsus marmoratus
(Fabricius, 1787)[1]
异名
  • Cancer marmoratus
  • Cancer femoralis
  • Grapsus varius
  • Grapsus savignyi

特征

编辑

云斑厚纹蟹的甲壳呈方形,长2.2-3.6厘米,呈深紫褐色,有黄色的大理石纹。[2]它们的甲壳上每边有三个锯齿,这与地中海的其他厚纹蟹属生物有所不同。[2][3]它们能够移动得很快,飞快的走入石缝之间,很难捕捉。[2]

分布

编辑

云斑厚纹蟹广泛分布在南欧[4]黑海摩洛哥海岸,并沿葡萄牙西班牙法国大西洋海岸[5],与及在北至英国南安普敦英吉利海峡出没。[5]它们的分布地扩展可能与全球暖化有关。[6]

生态

编辑

云斑厚纹蟹是杂食性的,主要吃其栖息地内丰富的藻类动物。它们最喜欢吃帽贝及同种相食。[4]它们只会使用一种方式攻击帽贝,但往往不成功。[7]在有荫的海边,它们会较少吃蚌,取而代之是吃藤壶[8]

云斑厚纹蟹的天敌包括麝香章鱼[9]

云斑厚纹蟹的幼体是浮游动物,只可以生存31天。这样使得它们群落间有高度的基因流,及广泛散布到新的地区。[10]

参考

编辑
  1. ^ Peter K. L. Ng, Danièle Guinot & Peter J. F. Davie. Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 2008, 17: 1–286 [2010-02-25]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-06-06). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Rose Edwards. Pachygrapsus marmoratus: a marbled rock crab. Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 2005 [2010-01-11]. (原始内容存档于2015-07-23). 
  3. ^ A. M. Vaccaro & C. Pipitone. First record of Pachygrapsus transversus (Gibbes, 1850) (Brachyura, Grapsidae) in Italian waters (PDF). Crustaceana. 2005, 78 (6): 677–83 [2010-02-25]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2016-03-03). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 S. Cannicci, M. Gomei, B. Boddi & M. Vannini. Feeding habits and natural diet of the intertidal crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus: Opportunistic browser or selective feeder?. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 2002, 54 (6): 983–1001. doi:10.1006/ecss.2001.0869. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Ray W. Ingle & Paul F. Clark. First reported occurrences of the marbled crab, Pachygrapsus marmoratus (Crustacea: Brachyura: Grapsoidea) in southern coastal waters of the British Isles (PDF). JMBA2 Biodiversity Records. 2006. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-21). 
  6. ^ Jean-Claude Dauvin. New record of the marbled crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus (Crustacea: Brachyura: Grapsoidea) on the coast of northern Cotentin, Normandy, western English Channel. Marine Biodiversity Records. 2009, 2: e92. doi:10.1017/S1755267209001109. 
  7. ^ Ana Silva, Diana Boaventura, Augusto Flores, Pedro Ré & Stephen J. Hawkins. Rare predation by the intertidal crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus on the limpet Patella depressa. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 2004, 84 (2): 367–70. doi:10.1017/S0025315404009294h. 
  8. ^ Ana Catarina Ferreira Silva, Sónia Brazão, Steve J. Hawkins, Richard C. Thompson & Diana M. Boaventura. Abundance, population structure and claw morphology of the semi-terrestrial crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus (Fabricius, 1787) on shores of differing wave exposure. Marine Biology. 2009, 156 (12): 2591–9. doi:10.1007/s00227-009-1283-1. 
  9. ^ Halil Şen. Food preference of Eledone moschata Lamarck, 1799 (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) in captive conditions (PDF). International Journal of Natural and Engineering Sciences. 2007, 1 (2): 29–31. [失效链接]
  10. ^ Inês C. Silva, Natacha Mesquita, Christoph D. Schubart, Maria Judite Alves & José Paula. Genetic patchiness of the shore crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus along the Portuguese coast. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 2009, 378 (1–2): 50–57. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2009.07.032.