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约翰·史皮尔斯布里(1739年—1769年04月03日),[1]是英国地图绘制者、雕刻师。同时也是拼图的发明者。

John Spilsbury (1739 – 3 April 1769)[2] was a British mapmaker and engraver. He is credited as the inventor of the jigsaw puzzle.

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父亲汤玛斯·史皮尔斯布里育有三子,约翰·史皮尔斯布里排行第二,兄长是雕刻师乔纳森·史皮尔斯布里英语Jonathan Spilsbury[3],约翰.史皮尔斯布里曾经当过英皇乔治三世皇家绘图员汤玛斯·杰弗里斯英语Thomas Jefferys的学徒。

He was the second of three sons of Thomas Spilsbury; the engraver Jonathan Spilsbury was his elder brother, and the two have sometimes been confused.[4] He served as an apprentice to Thomas Jefferys, the Royal Geographer to King George III.

约翰·史皮尔斯布里在1767年发明了第一个拼图作为地理学教学工具:首先先将世界地图附贴于木板上,然后再将每个国家从木板上刻取出来而成为第一个拼图。由于嗅到商机,于是创造了8个不同主题的拼图:世界、欧洲、亚洲、非洲、美洲、英格兰、威尔士、爱尔兰及苏格兰地图。

Spilsbury created the first puzzle in 1767 as an educational tool to teach geography. He affixed a world map to wood and carved each country out to create the first puzzle. Sensing a business opportunity, he created puzzles on eight themes - the World, Europe, Asia, Africa, America, England and Wales, Ireland and Scotland.

1761年,约翰·史皮尔斯布里与萨福克郡纽马基特的莎拉·梅结婚。在约翰·史皮尔斯布里过逝后,莎拉·梅接手经营一阵子约翰·史皮尔斯布里遗留的事业;而后,莎拉·梅与曾是约翰·史皮尔斯布里学徒的哈利·阿什比英语Harry Ashby结婚,哈利·阿什比仍继续贩售拼图。[3]

Spilsbury married Sarah May of Newmarket, Suffolk in 1761. After his death she ran his business for a period, then marrying Harry Ashby who had been apprentice to Spilsbury, and who continued to sell puzzles.[3]

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外部链接

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参考

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  1. ^ Hannas, Linda. The English jigsaw puzzle, 1760-1890. Wayland, 1972, p. 20 (preview,第20页,载于Google图书)
  2. ^ Hannas, Linda. The English jigsaw puzzle, 1760-1890. Wayland, 1972, p. 20 (preview,第20页,载于Google图书)
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Sloman, Susan. Spilsbury, Jonathan. 《牛津国家人物传记大辞典》 线上版. 牛津大学出版社. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/26154.  需要订阅或英国公共图书馆会员资格
  4. ^ Sloman, Susan. Spilsbury, Jonathan. 《牛津国家人物传记大辞典》 线上版. 牛津大学出版社. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/26154.  需要订阅或英国公共图书馆会员资格

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