不動桿菌屬
莫拉氏菌科的一属细菌
不動桿菌屬（學名：Acinetobacter）為假單胞菌目莫拉氏菌科的一屬好氧或兼性厭氧發酵型革蘭氏陰性桿菌。杆狀菌。廣泛存在於自然界的土壤、水和污物中。此屬的模式種為乙酸鈣不動桿菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)。
不動桿菌屬
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科學分類 
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| 域： | 細菌域 Bacteria |
| 界： | 細菌界 Bacteria |
| 門： | 變形菌門 Pseudomonadota |
| 綱： | γ-變形菌綱 Gammaproteobacteria |
| 目： | 假單胞菌目 Pseudomonadales |
| 科： | 莫拉氏菌科 Moraxellaceae |
| 屬： | 不動桿菌屬 Acinetobacter Brison & Prévot, 1954 |
| 模式種 | |
| 乙酸鈣不動桿菌 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Beijerinck 1911) Baumann et al. 1968
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不動桿菌屬非發酵菌是條件致病菌，當機體抵抗力降低時，容易引起機體的感染，是引起醫院內感染的重要機會致病菌之一。本菌可引起呼吸道感染、敗血症、腦膜炎、心內膜炎、傷口及皮膚感染、泌尿生殖道感染等。重症者可導致死亡。多見於老年人以及嬰幼兒，以及犬科動物。
下屬物種 編輯
本屬包括以下物種：[1]
- Acinetobacter albensis Krizova et al. 2015
- Acinetobacter amyesii Nemec et al. 2022[2]
- Acinetobacter apis Kim et al. 2014
- 鮑曼不動桿菌 Acinetobacter baumannii Bouvet and Grimont 1986，鮑氏不動桿菌
- 貝氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter baylyi Carr et al. 2003
- 拜氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter beijerinckii Nemec et al. 2009
- 別雷斯不動桿菌 Acinetobacter bereziniae Nemec et al. 2010
- Acinetobacter bohemicus Krizova et al. 2015
- Acinetobacter boissieri Álvarez-Pérez et al. 2013
- 包氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter bouvetii Carr et al. 2003，布氏不動桿菌
- Acinetobacter brisouii Anandham et al. 2011
- 乙酸鈣不動桿菌 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Beijerinck 1911) Baumann et al. 1968，醰酸鈣不動桿菌
- Acinetobacter celticus Radolfova-Krizova et al. 2016
- 成都不動桿菌 Acinetobacter chengduensis Qin et al. 2020[3]
- 中華不動桿菌 Acinetobacter chinensis Hu et al. 2019
- Acinetobacter colistiniresistens Nemec et al. 2017
- Acinetobacter courvalinii Nemec et al. 2016
- Acinetobacter cumulans Qin et al. 2019
- Acinetobacter defluvii Hu et al. 2017
- Acinetobacter dijkshoorniae Cosgaya et al. 2016，為Acinetobacter lactucae Rooney et al. 2016的異名
- Acinetobacter dispersus Nemec et al. 2016
- Acinetobacter entericus Dong and Yang 2023[4]
- Acinetobacter equi Poppel et al. 2016
- Acinetobacter faecalis Chen et al. 2022[5]
- Acinetobacter gandensis Smet et al. 2014
- Acinetobacter gerneri Carr et al. 2003
- 格氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter grimontii Carr et al. 2003，異名
- 廣東不動桿菌 Acinetobacter guangdongensis Feng et al. 2014，異名
- Acinetobacter guerrae Carvalheira et al. 2020
- 桂林不動桿菌 Acinetobacter guillouiae Nemec et al. 2010
- Acinetobacter gyllenbergii Nemec et al. 2009
- 溶血不動桿菌 Acinetobacter haemolyticus (ex Stenzel and Mannheim 1963) Bouvet and Grimont 1986
- Acinetobacter halotolerans Dahal et al. 2017
- 哈爾濱不動桿菌 Acinetobacter harbinensis Li et al. 2014
- Acinetobacter higginsii Nemec et al. 2023[6]
- Acinetobacter ihumii Yacouba et al. 2023[7]，以分離出模式菌株的地中海感染研究所(Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, IHU-MI)的名字命名
- 印度不動桿菌 Acinetobacter indicus Malhotra et al. 2012
- 約氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter johnsonii Bouvet and Grimont 1986，約翰遜不動桿菌
- 瓊氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter junii Bouvet and Grimont 1986，以美國人Elliot Juni的名字命名
- Acinetobacter kanungonis Das et al. 2021[8]
- Acinetobacter kookii Choi et al. 2013
- Acinetobacter lactucae Rooney et al. 2016
- Acinetobacter lanii Zhu et al. 2020[9]
- Acinetobacter larvae Liu et al. 2017
- 魯氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter lwoffii (Audureau 1940) Brisou and Prévot 1954
- Acinetobacter modestus Nemec et al. 2016
- Acinetobacter nematophilus Machado et al. 2023[10]
- Acinetobacter nectaris Álvarez-Pérez et al. 2013
- Acinetobacter nosocomialis Nemec et al. 2011
- 巴基斯坦不動桿菌 Acinetobacter pakistanensis Abbas et al. 2015，為Acinetobacter bohemicus Krizova et al. 2015的異名
- 帕氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter parvus Nemec et al. 2003
- Acinetobacter piscicola Liu et al. 2018
- 皮特不動桿菌 Acinetobacter pittii Nemec et al. 2011
- Acinetobacter populi Li et al. 2015
- Acinetobacter portensis Carvalheira et al. 2020[11]
- Acinetobacter pragensis Radolfova-Krizova et al. 2016
- Acinetobacter proteolyticus Nemec et al. 2016
- Acinetobacter pseudolwoffii Nemec et al. 2019
- 濮陽不動桿菌 Acinetobacter puyangensis Li et al. 2013
- 清豐不動桿菌 Acinetobacter qingfengensis Li et al. 2014
- 抗輻射不動桿菌 Acinetobacter radioresistens Nishimura et al. 1988
- Acinetobacter rudis Vaz-Moreira et al. 2011
- 申氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter schindleri Nemec et al. 2001
- 沉積物不動桿菌 Acinetobacter sedimenti Zheng et al. 2022[12]
- Acinetobacter seifertii Nemec et al. 2015，以德國醫學微生物學家Harald Seifert的名字命名
- 邵一鳴不動桿菌 Acinetobacter shaoyimingii Zhu et al. 2020[13]
- 四川不動桿菌 Acinetobacter sichuanensis Qin et al. 2018
- 土壤不動桿菌 Acinetobacter soli Kim et al. 2009
- Acinetobacter suaedae Xu et al. 2024[14]
- 坦氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter tandoii Carr et al. 2003，潭氏不動桿菌
- 西藏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter tibetensis Pan et al. 2023[15]
- 特氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter tjernbergiae Carr et al. 2003
- 湯氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter towneri Carr et al. 2003
- 鄔氏不動桿菌 Acinetobacter ursingii Nemec et al. 2001，以瑞典細菌學家和分類學家Jan Ursing的名字命名
- Acinetobacter variabilis Krizova et al. 2015
- 威尼斯不動桿菌 Acinetobacter venetianus (ex Di Cello et al. 1997) Vaneechoutte et al. 2009
- Acinetobacter vivianii Nemec et al. 2016
- Acinetobacter wanghuae Zhu et al. 2020[16]，以微生物學家王華教授的名字命名，他對腸出血性大腸桿菌、鏈球菌、耶爾森菌和幾種臨床重要病毒的系統發育和分子分型研究做出了貢獻
- 武侯不動桿菌 Acinetobacter wuhouensis Hu et al. 2018，種名指四川省成都市武侯區
參考文獻 編輯
- ^ Acinetobacter Brisou & Prévot, 1954. GBIF. [2022-05-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-12-09）.
- ^ Nemec A, Radolfova-Krizova L, Maixnerova M, Nemec M, Shestivska V, Spanelova P, Kyselkova M, Wilharm G, Higgins PG. Acinetobacter amyesii sp. nov., widespread in the soil and water environment and animals. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5642.
- ^ Qin J, Feng Y, Lu X, Zong Z. Characterization of Acinetobacter chengduensis sp. nov., isolated from hospital sewage and capable of acquisition of carbapenem resistance genes. Syst Appl Microbiol 2020; 43:126092.
- ^ Dong X, Yang Y. Acinetobacter entericus sp. nov., isolated from the gut of plastic-eating insect larvae Zophobas atratus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6006.
- ^ Chen XM, An DF, He SR, Yang SJ, Yang ZZ, Xiong LS, Li GD, Jiang MG, Jiang CL, Jiang Y. Acinetobacter faecalis Sp. Nov., Isolated from Elephant Faeces. Curr Microbiol 2022; 80:21.
- ^ Nemec A, Spanelova P, Shestivska V, Radolfova-Krizova L, Maixnerova M, Feng Y, Qin J, Cevallos MA, Zong Z. Proposal for Acinetobacter higginsii sp. nov. to accommodate organisms of human clinical origin previously classified as Acinetobacter genomic species 16. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6114.
- ^ Yacouba A, Sissoko S, Tchoupou Saha OF, Haddad G, Dubourg G, Gouriet F, Tidjani Alou M, Alibar S, Million M, Lagier JC, et al. Description of Acinetobacter ihumii sp. nov., Microbacterium ihumii sp. nov., and Gulosibacter massiliensis sp. nov., three new bacteria isolated from human blood. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2022; 369:0.
- ^ Das L, Deb S, Das SK. Description of Acinetobacter kanungonis sp. nov., based on phylogenomic analysis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:4833.
- ^ Zhu W, Dong K, Yang J, Lu S, Lai XH, Pu J, Jin D, Huang Y, Zhang S, Zhou J, et al. Acinetobacter lanii sp. nov., Acinetobacter shaoyimingii sp. nov. and Acinetobacter wanghuae sp. nov., isolated from faeces of Equus kiang. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:4567.
- ^ Machado RAR, Loulou A, Bhat AH, Mastore M, Terrettaz C, et al. Acinetobacter nematophilus sp. nov., Alcaligenes nematophilus sp. nov., Enterobacter nematophilus sp. nov., and Kaistia nematophila sp. nov., isolated from soil-borne nematodes and proposal for the elevation of Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. faecalis, Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. parafaecalis, and Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. phenolicus to the species level. Taxonomy 2023; 3:148-168.
- ^ Carvalheira A, Gonzales-Siles L, Salva-Serra F, Lindgren A, Svensson-Stadler L, Thorell K, Pineiro-Iglesias B, Karlsson R, Silva J, Teixeira P, et al. Acinetobacter portensis sp. nov. and Acinetobacter guerrae sp. nov., isolated from raw meat. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:4544-4554.
- ^ Zheng K, Hong Y, Guo Z, Debnath SC, Yan C, Li K, Chen G, Xu J, Wu F, Zheng D, et al. Acinetobacter sedimenti sp. nov., isolated from beach sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5609.
- ^ Zhu W, Dong K, Yang J, Lu S, Lai XH, Pu J, Jin D, Huang Y, Zhang S, Zhou J, et al. Acinetobacter lanii sp. nov., Acinetobacter shaoyimingii sp. nov. and Acinetobacter wanghuae sp. nov., isolated from faeces of Equus kiang. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:4567.
- ^ Xu L, Zhao Y, Li Y, Sun JQ. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses provide new insights into the allelochemical degradation preference of a novel Acinetobacter strain. Environ Res 2024; 246:118145.
- ^ Pan H, Li J, Liu HH, Lu XY, Zhang YF, Tian Y. Acinetobacter tibetensis sp. nov., Isolated from a Soil Under a Greenhouse in Tibet. Curr Microbiol 2022; 80:51.
- ^ Zhu W, Dong K, Yang J, Lu S, Lai XH, Pu J, Jin D, Huang Y, Zhang S, Zhou J, et al. Acinetobacter lanii sp. nov., Acinetobacter shaoyimingii sp. nov. and Acinetobacter wanghuae sp. nov., isolated from faeces of Equus kiang. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:4567.
- LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature